Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics Practice Questions | GRE Subject Test Physics

Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics

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A sealed, perfectly insulating container is divided into two equal volumes by a thin partition. The left side contains \(n\) moles of an ideal monatomic gas at \((P_0,V_0,T_0)\); the right side is vacuum. The partition is suddenly removed and the gas expands freely to fill the full volume \(2V_0\). After equilibrium is re-established, which statement is correct?

Select one option.

\(T\) decreases because the gas does work during expansion.
\(T\) increases because entropy increases.
\(\Delta U=0\) and \(T\) is unchanged, but \(\Delta S=nR\ln 2\).
\(\Delta U<0\) and \(\Delta S=0\).
\(\Delta U>0\) because the gas fills a larger volume.

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